Аннотация: The Actor-Network Theory (ANT) is one of the most recent directions in the modern philosophy and sociology
of science, associated with the names of Bruno Latour, Michel Callon, and John Law. The article analyzes the key
aspects of the actor-network approach to the benefit of activeness of various objects. In the first part of the research
it is demonstrated how Latour overcomes social constructivism through the metaphor of resistance. In the second
part, the argument about the resistance is being clarified through the concepts of anti-essentialism and symmetry.
The third part analyzes the criticism of the Edinburgh and Bath schools towards ANT within the sociology of scientific
knowledge. The methods of conceptual analysis and reconstruction of intellectual context allow determining the
positive and negative sides of the suggested by Latour solution. In the conclusion, the author introduces the difference
between the paradox of absence and forms of co-presence. The actor-network approach virtually does not examine
the nonhuman interactions in the absence of people; its theoreticians rather develop the new models of co-presence.
Using the aforementioned difference, it could be explained why in future Latour refers to the political ecology and
concept of the Anthropocene.
Ключевые слова: social constructivism, subject-object dichotomy, Actor-Network Theory, actorness, agent-based model,
objects, anti-essentialism, agnosticism, principle of symmetry, semiotics, political ecology.
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gumanit. nauki. Otech. i zarubezh. lit. Ser. 3, Filosofiya: RZh. M.: INION, 2000, S. 57-81.
Kharauei D. Manifest kiborgov : nauka, tekhnologiya i sotsialisticheskii feminizm 1980-kh gg. // Gendernaya teoriya i
iskusstvo. Antologiya, M.: ROSSPEN, 2005, S. 322-377 .
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Callon M. Some Elements of a Sociology of Translation: Domestication of the Scallops and the Fishermen of Saint Brieuc Bay //
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P. 196-233.
Callon M., Latour B. Don’t throw the baby out with the Bath school! // Science as practice and culture (Pickering A., ed).
Chicago, 1992, P. 343-368.
Collins H., Yearley S. Epistemological chicken // Science as practice and culture (Pickering A., ed). Chicago, 1992, P. 301-326.
Durkheim E., The Elementary Forms of Religious Life / Translated by Carol Cosman. Oxford University Press, 2001, 358 p.
Harman G. Prince of Networks: Bruno Latour and Metaphysics. Melbourne, 2009, 258 p.
Latour B. A Relativist Account of Einstein's Relativity // Social Studies of Science, 1988, № 18, P. 3-44.
Latour B. For Bloor and Beyond – a reply to David Bloor's ‘Anti-Latour // Studies in History & Philosophy of Science, 1999,
V. 30, № 1, P. 113–129.
Latour B. Politics of Nature: How to Bring the Sciences into Democracy / Translated by Catherine Porter, Cambridge, MA:
Harvard University Press, 2004, 307 p.
Latour B., Woolgar S. Laboratory Life: The Construction of Scientific Facts, Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University
Press, 1986 (first published 1979), 294 p.
Latour B. Agency at the time of the Anthropocene // New Literary History, 2014, Vol. 45, P. 1-18.
Latour B. The Pasteurization of France. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1988, 273 p.
Miettinen R. The riddle of things: activity theory and actor-network theory as approaches to studying innovations. // Mind,
Culture, and Activity, 1999, Vol. 6, № 3, P. 170-195.
Morgan M. L., Michaels M. W. (eds.) Fetal Subjects, Feminist Positions. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999,
352 p.
Pels D. The Politics of Symmetry // Social Studies of Science, 1996, Vol. 26, №. 2, P. 277-304.
Pickering A. The Mangle of Practice: Time, Agency and Science. Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press, 1995, P. 281.
Pinch T., Bijker W. E. The social construction of facts and artefacts: or how the sociology of science and the sociology of
technology might benefit each other // The social construction of technological systems: new directions in the sociology
and history of technology, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1987, P. 17-50.
References (transliteration):
Brikmon Zh., Sokal A. Intellektual'nye ulovki. Kritika filosofii postmoderna. M.: «Dom intellektual'noi knigi», 2002, 248 c.
Greimas A.Zh., Kurte Zh. Semiotika. Ob''yasnitel'nyi slovar' // Semiotika / Sost., vst. st. i obshch. red. Yu.S. Stepanova. M.:
Raduga, 1983, S. 483-550.
Latur B. Gde nedostayushchaya massa? Sotsiologiya odnoi dveri. // Sotsiologiya veshchei. M.: Territoriya budushchego,
2006, C. 199-223.
Latur B. Kogda veshchi dayut sdachi: Vozmozhnyi vklad «issledovanii nauki» v obshchestvennye nauki. // Vestnik
Moskovskogo universiteta. 2003. Seriya 7. Filosofiya, № 3, S. 20-39.
Latur B. Nadezhdy konstruktivizma. // Sotsiologiya veshchei. M.: Territoriya budushchego, 2006, C. 365-390.
Latur B. Novogo vremeni ne bylo. Esse po simmetrichnoi antropologii. SPb.: Izd-vo Evropeiskogo un-ta v Sankt-Peterburge,
2006, 296 s.
Latur B. Ob interob''ektivnosti. // Sotsiologiya veshchei. M.: Territoriya budushchego, 2006, S. 169-199.
Latur B. Nauka v deistvii: sleduya za uchenymi i inzhenerami vnutri soobshchestva. SPb.: Izd-vo Evropeiskogo un-ta v SanktPeterburge,
2013, 414 s.
Snou Ch.P. Dve kul'tury. Sbornik publitsisticheskikh rabot. M., 1973, 146 s.
Stolyarova O.E. Mezhdu «real'nost'yu» i «konstruktsiei»: filosofiya v poiskakh «novoi ob''ektivnosti». // Filosofskie nauki,
2006, № 8, S. 74-90.
Stolyarova O. E. Identichnost' kiborgov: Obzor materialov konf. «Cyborg identies» (October 21-22, 1999) // Sotsial. i
gumanit. nauki. Otech. i zarubezh. lit. Ser. 3, Filosofiya: RZh. M.: INION, 2000, S. 57-81.
Kharauei D. Manifest kiborgov : nauka, tekhnologiya i sotsialisticheskii feminizm 1980-kh gg. // Gendernaya teoriya i
iskusstvo. Antologiya, M.: ROSSPEN, 2005, S. 322-377 .
Bloor D. Anti-Latour // Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science, 1999, № 30 (1), P. 81-112.
Brown J. R. Who Rules in Science? An Opinionated Guide to the Wars, Cambridge, MA, USA: Harvard University Press, 2001,
256 p.
Brown K. W. Penicillin man: Alexander Fleming and the antibiotic revolution. Scarborough, Ont.: Sutton Pub., 2004, 288 p.
Callon M. Some Elements of a Sociology of Translation: Domestication of the Scallops and the Fishermen of Saint Brieuc Bay //
Power, Action and Belief: a new Sociology of Knowledge? (Law J., ed.) London: Sociological Review Monograph, 1986,
P. 196-233.
Callon M., Latour B. Don’t throw the baby out with the Bath school! // Science as practice and culture (Pickering A., ed).
Chicago, 1992, P. 343-368.
Collins H., Yearley S. Epistemological chicken // Science as practice and culture (Pickering A., ed). Chicago, 1992, P. 301-326.
Durkheim E., The Elementary Forms of Religious Life / Translated by Carol Cosman. Oxford University Press, 2001, 358 p.
Harman G. Prince of Networks: Bruno Latour and Metaphysics. Melbourne, 2009, 258 p.
Latour B. A Relativist Account of Einstein's Relativity // Social Studies of Science, 1988, № 18, P. 3-44.
Latour B. For Bloor and Beyond – a reply to David Bloor's ‘Anti-Latour // Studies in History & Philosophy of Science, 1999,
V. 30, № 1, P. 113–129.
Latour B. Politics of Nature: How to Bring the Sciences into Democracy / Translated by Catherine Porter, Cambridge, MA:
Harvard University Press, 2004, 307 p.
Latour B., Woolgar S. Laboratory Life: The Construction of Scientific Facts, Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University
Press, 1986 (first published 1979), 294 p.
Latour B. Agency at the time of the Anthropocene // New Literary History, 2014, Vol. 45, P. 1-18.
Latour B. The Pasteurization of France. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1988, 273 p.
Miettinen R. The riddle of things: activity theory and actor-network theory as approaches to studying innovations. // Mind,
Culture, and Activity, 1999, Vol. 6, № 3, P. 170-195.
Morgan M. L., Michaels M. W. (eds.) Fetal Subjects, Feminist Positions. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999,
352 p.
Pels D. The Politics of Symmetry // Social Studies of Science, 1996, Vol. 26, №. 2, P. 277-304.
Pickering A. The Mangle of Practice: Time, Agency and Science. Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press, 1995, P. 281.
Pinch T., Bijker W. E. The social construction of facts and artefacts: or how the sociology of science and the sociology of
technology might benefit each other // The social construction of technological systems: new directions in the sociology
and history of technology, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1987, P. 17-50.
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