Аннотация: This article is dedicated to the issues of main components of international legal regime of navigation on international inland waterways. The author examines this problem from the position of the legal theory, and presents elements that are part of the structure of the legal regime of navigational usage of international rivers. The author believes that the international legal regime of the navigational usage of international rivers must be aimed at setting a unified equal order and conditions for passage through the waterways. A special attention is given to the issues of content of freedom of navigation of international rivers. The author claims that the principles of international law should be projected upon the regulation of navigation on the international rivers. The author highlights significant and insignificant components of legal regulation of international marine traffic. As the main method of legal regulation, the author proposes using an international agreement that would define the area of the regime of navigation on international rivers, contain the norms of material and procedural law, as well as institutional mechanisms of cooperation in this sphere between the countries, and the mechanism of regulation of disputes between them.

Аннотация: This article deals with issues of basic components of international-legal regime of shipping on international inland waterways. The author begins the analysis of this problem from the theory of law and presents elements that should be represented in the structure of any legal regime. The author thinks that international-legal regime of navigational usage of international rivers must be aimed at fixing the procedure and conditions of passage through the waterways. Particular attention is given to the issues of content of freedom of navigation on international rivers. A variety of methods of research are used in this article. The application of dialectical method of cognition allowed exploring the typical structure of international-legal regime of navigational usage of international rivers. Historical method was used in studying the formation processes of freedom of river navigation. Formal-legal, systemic, structural-functional methods of cognition were used during the interpretation of norms of international law. With help of inductive method, methods of analysis and synthesis the practice of states, international organizations and international courts was researched. The author argues that as a primary step for distinguishing of the structural elements of the international-legal regime of the navigation on international rivers must be the projection of the basic principles of the international law on the problem of river navigation. The common structure of the international-legal regime of the navigational usage of international rivers consists of a number of typical (main) regime-creating elements. There are significant and non-significant components among them; elements, related to the subjects of the international law, and elements, related to the direct participants of river navigation. Intergovernmental treaty – as an international document, where these elements are shown, – should define the scope of regime of navigation on the international river, contain material and procedural norms concerning its navigational usage, institutional mechanisms of cooperation in this sphere between countries, and the mechanism of dispute settlement between them.