Медиатизации и ее теоретизация  через повестку дня


	Право и политика Правильная ссылка на статью: Г. А. Фомина Медиатизации и ее теоретизация через повестку дня // Право и политика. 2011. № 7. С. 1161-1170. URL: https://nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=51550 Г. А. Фомина Медиатизации и ее теоретизация через повестку дня Аннотация: В последние годы изучение и понимание взаимоотношений медиа и политики становится все более необходимыми, а обращение политиков к медийной логике, вследствие которой формируется повестка дня, становится источником управления этими взаимоотношениями. И хотя традиционные черты политических кампании еще сохраняются, а коммуникации осуществляются посредством личного контакта, политики, тем не менее, все чаще обращаются к медийным способам формирования общественного мнения (Беннет и Энтман, 2001). В этой связи все больше исследователей приходит к выводу о том, что политические изменения, которые провозгласили слабость национализма в современных демократиях и отказ от партийной политики, стали и следствием, и причиной возросшего влияния медиа, и одновременно с этим они (политические изменения) являются адаптивными механизмами для государства и демократии. Ключевые слова: Политология, СМИ, медиатизация, взаимозависимость, коммуникация, взаимоотношения, персонализация, медиа, политика, новости Abstract: Lately understanding of the relations between the media and the politics becomes more and more necessary, and the politicians often address media logic, due to which they form the agenda, which becomes the source of management for these relations. While the traditional parts of political campaigns remain, and communications are implemented via personal contact, the politicians more and more often use media means of formation of the social opinion (Bennet and Entman, 2001). Due to this fact, many researchers now agree that the political changes, which announced the weakness of nationalism in the modern democracy as well as of party policy, became both the cause and the effect of the growing importance of the media, and at the same time these political changes are adaptation mechanisms for state and democracy. Keywords: political science, mass media, mediatization, inter-dependency, communications, relations, personalization, media, politics, news. Если вы один из авторов этой статьи, вы можете открыть бесплатный доступ к этой статье для своих читателей. Вы должны зайти под своим логином и паролем, чтобы воспользоваться услугой. Перейдите по ссылке, чтобы зарегистрироваться или осуществить вход. Библиография 1. Almond, G. and Powell, G., Comparative Politics: A Developmental Approach, Boston: Little, Brown, 1966 2. Althaus, S. and Tewksbury, D., Agenda Setting and the ‘New’ News: Patterns of Issue Importance Among Readers of 3. the Paper and Online Versions of the New York Times. Communication Research 29: 180-207, 2002 4. Altheide, D. and Snow, R., Media Logic. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage, 1979. 5. Archibugi, D., Held, D. and Köhler, M., Re-imagining Political Community, Polity Press, Cambridge, pp. 198-228, 6. 1998 7. Bennet, L. and Entman, R., Mediated politics: communication in the future of democracy. UK: Cambridge Univ. Press, 8. 2001 9. Bennet, L., ‘Toward a Theory of Press-State Relations in the United States’; Journal of Communication, 40, pp. 103- 10. 125, 1990 11. Berelson, B., Lazarsfeld, P. and McPhee, W. Voting. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, 1954 12. Blair, T., Our nation’s future – public life, London: Downing Street No. 10, 2007 13. Blondel, J. Political Leadership: Toward a General Analysis. Newbury Park, CA: Sage, 1987. 14. Boorstin, D. The image: A guide to pseudo-events in America. New York: Harper Colophon, 1961 15. Butler, D. and Ranney, A. Electioneering. A Comparative Study of Continuity and Change. Oxford, UK: Clarendon, 16. 1992 17. Campus, D. Mediatization and Personalization of Politics in Italy and France: The Cases of Berlusconi and Sarkozy. 18. The International Journal of Press/Politics 15 (2), pp. 219 - 235, 2010 19. Cohen, B. The Press, the Public and Foreign Policy. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press, 1993 20. Edelman, M. Constructing the Political Spectacle. Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1988 21. Hart, R. Seducing America: How Television Charms the Modern Voter. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999 22. Hallin, D.C. and Mancini, P., Comparing Media Systems: Three Models of Media and Politics, Cambridge: Cambridge 23. University Press, 2004 24. Hjarvard, S., The Mediatization of Religion: A Theory of the Media as Agents of Religious Change. In Northern Lights 25. 2008. Yearbook of Film & Media Studies. Bristol: Intellect Press, 2008 26. Hjarvard, S., From Bricks to Bytes: The Mediatization of a Global Toy Industry in I. Bondebjerg and P. Golding (eds.) 27. European Culture and the Media, ristol: Intellect Books, 2004 28. Galtung, J. and Ruge, M., The Structure of Foreign News: the Presentation of the Congo, Cuba and Cyprus Crises in 29. Four Norwegian Newspapers. Journal of Peace Research, 2, pp. 64-91, 1965 30. Golan, G. and Wanta, W., Second-level agenda setting in the New Hampshire primary: A comparison of coverage in 31. three newspapers and public perceptions of candidates. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 78, pp. 247-259, 32. 2001 33. Gross, K. and Sean, A., The Scary World in Your Living Room and Your Neighborhood: Using Local Broadcast News, 34. Neighborhood Crime Rates, and Personal Experience to Test Agenda Setting and Cultivation Hypotheses. Journal of 35. Communication 3(3), pp. 411-426, 2003 36. Inglehart, R., Modernization and Postmodernization. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997 37. Jamieson, K., Dirty Politics: Deceptions, distraction, and democracy, New York: Oxford University Press, 1992 38. Kepplinger, H., Mediatization of politics: theory and data, Journal of Communication 52(4), pp. 972–86, 2002 39. Kotler, P. and Kotler, N., Political Marketing: Generating Effective Candidates, Campaign and Causes. // In Handbook 40. of Political Marketing, ed. Bruce Newman. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1999 41. Krosnick, J. and Kinder, D., Altering the Foundations of Support for the President through Priming´; American Political 42. Science Review, 84, pp. 497-512, 1990 43. Lang, K. and Lang, G., Watergate: an Exploration of the Agenda-Building Process, in G. Cleveland Wilhoit and Harold 44. De Bock, eds, Mass Communication Review Yearbook, Beverly Hills (CA): SAGE Publications, pp. 447-68, 1981 45. Lazarsfeld, P., Berelson, B. and Gaudet, H., The People’s Choice. New York: Columbia Univ. Press, 1968 46. Lippmann, W., Public Opinion. New York: Free Press Paperbacks, 1997 47. Lipset, S., Lazarsfeld, P., Barton, A. and Linz J., The psychology of voting: an analysis of political behavior, pp. 1124- 48. 1175 in Volume 2 of G. Lindzey (ed.) Handbook of Social Psychology. Reading, Mass.: Add ison-Wesley, 1954 49. Mazzoleni, G and Schulz W., Mediatization of Politics: A Challenge for Democracy. Political Communication 16, pp. 50. 247–61, 1999 51. Mazzoleni, G., Mediatization of society // The International Encyclopedia of Communication, W. Donsbach. - Malden: 52. Blackwell Publishing, pp. 3052-3055, 2008 (a) 53. Mazzoleni, G., Mediatization of politics // The International Encyclopedia of Communication, W. Donsbach. - Malden: 54. Blackwell Publishing, pp. 3047-3051, 2008 (b) 55. McCombs, M. and Shaw, D., The agenda setting function of the media. Public Opinion Q. 36 (Summer), pp. 176-187, 56. 1972 57. M. McCombs, D. Shaw and E. Shaw, E., The news and public response: three studies of the agenda setting power of the 58. press. Presented to the Association for Education in Journalism, Carbondale, Illinois. 1972 59. McCombs, M. and Weaver, D. Voters’ need for orientation and use of mass media. Presented to the International 60. Communication Association, Montreal, 1973 61. McCombs, M., Shaw, D. and Weaver, D., Communication and Democracy: Exploring the Intellectual Frontiers in 62. Agenda-Setting Theory. Mahwah, N.J. Lawrence Erlbaum, 1997 63. McCombs, M. and Zhu, J., Capacity, diversity, and volatility of the public agenda. Public Opinion Quarterly, 59, pp. 64. 495-525, 1995 65. McLeod, J., Becker, L. and Byrnes, J. Another Look At the Agenda-Setting Function of the Press Communication 66. Research 1 (2), pp. 131-166, 1974. 67. Meyer, T. and Hinchman, L. Media Democracy: How the Media Colonize Politics, Cambridge: Polity, 2002 68. Molotch, H. and Lester, M., Accidental News: The Great Oil Spill as Local Occurrence and National Event; The American 69. Journal of Sociology, 81, pp. 235-60, 1975 70. Mullins, L., Agenda setting on the campus: the mass media and learning of issue importance in the ’72 election. Presented 71. to the Association for Education in Journalism, Ft. Collins, Colorado, 1973 72. Newman, B., The Mass Marketing of Politics. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1999. 73. Negrine, R., Parliament and the Media: A Study of Britain, Germany, and France, London: Pinter, 1998 74. Park, R., The City. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, 1925 75. Patterson, T., Out of Order, New York: Knopf, 1993 76. Patterson, T., The United States: News in a Free-Market Society. // Democracy and the Media, ed. Richard Gunther and 77. Anthony Mugham. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2000 78. Peake, J., Presidential Agenda Setting in Foreign Policy. Political research quarterly, 5, pp. 69-86, 2001 79. Putnam, R., Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1993 80. Putnam, R., Bowling Alone: America’s Declining Social Capital. Journal of Democracy 6(1), pp. 65-78, 1995 81. Rahn, W. and Transue, J., Social Trust and Value Change: The Decline of Social Capital in American Youth, 1976–1995, 82. Political Psychology 19, pp. 545–565, 1998 83. Schulz, W. Reconstructing mediatization as an analytical concept. European Journal of Communication, 19(1):87-101, 84. 2004 85. Shah, D., Watts, M., Domke, D., Fan, D. and Fibison, M., News Coverage, Economic Cues, and the Public’s Presidential 86. Preferences, 1984-1996. The Journal of Politics, 61, pp. 914-43, 1999 87. Shoemaker and Reese, Mediating the Message: Theories of Infl uences on Mass Media Content, New York: Longman, 88. 1991 89. Stanyer, J., Modern Political Communication. Cambridge, UK: Polity, 2007. 90. Strömbäck, J., Four phases of mediatization: An analysis of the mediatization of politics. The International Journal of 91. Press/Politics, 13 (3), pp. 228-246, 2008 92. Swanson, D. and Mancini, P., Politics, Media and Modern Democracy. Westport, CT: Praeger, 1996. 93. Wolfsfeld, G., Media and Political Confl ict: News from the Middle East, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997. References 1. Almond, G. and Powell, G., Comparative Politics: A Developmental Approach, Boston: Little, Brown, 1966 2. Althaus, S. and Tewksbury, D., Agenda Setting and the ‘New’ News: Patterns of Issue Importance Among Readers of 3. the Paper and Online Versions of the New York Times. Communication Research 29: 180-207, 2002 4. Altheide, D. and Snow, R., Media Logic. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage, 1979. 5. Archibugi, D., Held, D. and Köhler, M., Re-imagining Political Community, Polity Press, Cambridge, pp. 198-228, 6. 1998 7. Bennet, L. and Entman, R., Mediated politics: communication in the future of democracy. UK: Cambridge Univ. Press, 8. 2001 9. Bennet, L., ‘Toward a Theory of Press-State Relations in the United States’; Journal of Communication, 40, pp. 103- 10. 125, 1990 11. Berelson, B., Lazarsfeld, P. and McPhee, W. Voting. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, 1954 12. Blair, T., Our nation’s future – public life, London: Downing Street No. 10, 2007 13. Blondel, J. Political Leadership: Toward a General Analysis. Newbury Park, CA: Sage, 1987. 14. Boorstin, D. The image: A guide to pseudo-events in America. New York: Harper Colophon, 1961 15. Butler, D. and Ranney, A. Electioneering. A Comparative Study of Continuity and Change. Oxford, UK: Clarendon, 16. 1992 17. Campus, D. Mediatization and Personalization of Politics in Italy and France: The Cases of Berlusconi and Sarkozy. 18. The International Journal of Press/Politics 15 (2), pp. 219 - 235, 2010 19. Cohen, B. The Press, the Public and Foreign Policy. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press, 1993 20. Edelman, M. Constructing the Political Spectacle. Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1988 21. Hart, R. Seducing America: How Television Charms the Modern Voter. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999 22. Hallin, D.C. and Mancini, P., Comparing Media Systems: Three Models of Media and Politics, Cambridge: Cambridge 23. University Press, 2004 24. Hjarvard, S., The Mediatization of Religion: A Theory of the Media as Agents of Religious Change. In Northern Lights 25. 2008. Yearbook of Film & Media Studies. Bristol: Intellect Press, 2008 26. Hjarvard, S., From Bricks to Bytes: The Mediatization of a Global Toy Industry in I. Bondebjerg and P. Golding (eds.) 27. European Culture and the Media, ristol: Intellect Books, 2004 28. Galtung, J. and Ruge, M., The Structure of Foreign News: the Presentation of the Congo, Cuba and Cyprus Crises in 29. Four Norwegian Newspapers. Journal of Peace Research, 2, pp. 64-91, 1965 30. Golan, G. and Wanta, W., Second-level agenda setting in the New Hampshire primary: A comparison of coverage in 31. three newspapers and public perceptions of candidates. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 78, pp. 247-259, 32. 2001 33. Gross, K. and Sean, A., The Scary World in Your Living Room and Your Neighborhood: Using Local Broadcast News, 34. Neighborhood Crime Rates, and Personal Experience to Test Agenda Setting and Cultivation Hypotheses. Journal of 35. Communication 3(3), pp. 411-426, 2003 36. Inglehart, R., Modernization and Postmodernization. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997 37. Jamieson, K., Dirty Politics: Deceptions, distraction, and democracy, New York: Oxford University Press, 1992 38. Kepplinger, H., Mediatization of politics: theory and data, Journal of Communication 52(4), pp. 972–86, 2002 39. Kotler, P. and Kotler, N., Political Marketing: Generating Effective Candidates, Campaign and Causes. // In Handbook 40. of Political Marketing, ed. Bruce Newman. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1999 41. Krosnick, J. and Kinder, D., Altering the Foundations of Support for the President through Priming´; American Political 42. Science Review, 84, pp. 497-512, 1990 43. Lang, K. and Lang, G., Watergate: an Exploration of the Agenda-Building Process, in G. Cleveland Wilhoit and Harold 44. De Bock, eds, Mass Communication Review Yearbook, Beverly Hills (CA): SAGE Publications, pp. 447-68, 1981 45. Lazarsfeld, P., Berelson, B. and Gaudet, H., The People’s Choice. New York: Columbia Univ. Press, 1968 46. Lippmann, W., Public Opinion. New York: Free Press Paperbacks, 1997 47. Lipset, S., Lazarsfeld, P., Barton, A. and Linz J., The psychology of voting: an analysis of political behavior, pp. 1124- 48. 1175 in Volume 2 of G. Lindzey (ed.) Handbook of Social Psychology. Reading, Mass.: Add ison-Wesley, 1954 49. Mazzoleni, G and Schulz W., Mediatization of Politics: A Challenge for Democracy. Political Communication 16, pp. 50. 247–61, 1999 51. Mazzoleni, G., Mediatization of society // The International Encyclopedia of Communication, W. Donsbach. - Malden: 52. Blackwell Publishing, pp. 3052-3055, 2008 (a) 53. Mazzoleni, G., Mediatization of politics // The International Encyclopedia of Communication, W. Donsbach. - Malden: 54. Blackwell Publishing, pp. 3047-3051, 2008 (b) 55. McCombs, M. and Shaw, D., The agenda setting function of the media. Public Opinion Q. 36 (Summer), pp. 176-187, 56. 1972 57. M. McCombs, D. Shaw and E. Shaw, E., The news and public response: three studies of the agenda setting power of the 58. press. Presented to the Association for Education in Journalism, Carbondale, Illinois. 1972 59. McCombs, M. and Weaver, D. Voters’ need for orientation and use of mass media. Presented to the International 60. Communication Association, Montreal, 1973 61. McCombs, M., Shaw, D. and Weaver, D., Communication and Democracy: Exploring the Intellectual Frontiers in 62. Agenda-Setting Theory. Mahwah, N.J. Lawrence Erlbaum, 1997 63. McCombs, M. and Zhu, J., Capacity, diversity, and volatility of the public agenda. Public Opinion Quarterly, 59, pp. 64. 495-525, 1995 65. McLeod, J., Becker, L. and Byrnes, J. Another Look At the Agenda-Setting Function of the Press Communication 66. Research 1 (2), pp. 131-166, 1974. 67. Meyer, T. and Hinchman, L. Media Democracy: How the Media Colonize Politics, Cambridge: Polity, 2002 68. Molotch, H. and Lester, M., Accidental News: The Great Oil Spill as Local Occurrence and National Event; The American 69. Journal of Sociology, 81, pp. 235-60, 1975 70. Mullins, L., Agenda setting on the campus: the mass media and learning of issue importance in the ’72 election. Presented 71. to the Association for Education in Journalism, Ft. Collins, Colorado, 1973 72. Newman, B., The Mass Marketing of Politics. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1999. 73. Negrine, R., Parliament and the Media: A Study of Britain, Germany, and France, London: Pinter, 1998 74. Park, R., The City. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, 1925 75. Patterson, T., Out of Order, New York: Knopf, 1993 76. Patterson, T., The United States: News in a Free-Market Society. // Democracy and the Media, ed. Richard Gunther and 77. Anthony Mugham. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2000 78. Peake, J., Presidential Agenda Setting in Foreign Policy. Political research quarterly, 5, pp. 69-86, 2001 79. Putnam, R., Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1993 80. Putnam, R., Bowling Alone: America’s Declining Social Capital. Journal of Democracy 6(1), pp. 65-78, 1995 81. Rahn, W. and Transue, J., Social Trust and Value Change: The Decline of Social Capital in American Youth, 1976–1995, 82. Political Psychology 19, pp. 545–565, 1998 83. Schulz, W. Reconstructing mediatization as an analytical concept. European Journal of Communication, 19(1):87-101, 84. 2004 85. Shah, D., Watts, M., Domke, D., Fan, D. and Fibison, M., News Coverage, Economic Cues, and the Public’s Presidential 86. Preferences, 1984-1996. The Journal of Politics, 61, pp. 914-43, 1999 87. Shoemaker and Reese, Mediating the Message: Theories of Infl uences on Mass Media Content, New York: Longman, 88. 1991 89. Stanyer, J., Modern Political Communication. Cambridge, UK: Polity, 2007. 90. Strömbäck, J., Four phases of mediatization: An analysis of the mediatization of politics. The International Journal of 91. Press/Politics, 13 (3), pp. 228-246, 2008 92. Swanson, D. and Mancini, P., Politics, Media and Modern Democracy. Westport, CT: Praeger, 1996. 93. Wolfsfeld, G., Media and Political Confl ict: News from the Middle East, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.

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Г. А. Фомина Медиатизации и ее теоретизация через повестку дня