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Международное право и международные организации / International Law and International Organizations
Правильная ссылка на статью:

Шугуров М.В. Деятельность ВОИС в сфере международной передачи технологий: направления и приоритеты

Аннотация: Предметом исследования является такое тематическое направление деятельности Всемирной организации интеллектуальной собственности как "патенты и передача технологий". Автор подробно останавливается на анализе прямой и подразумеваемой компетенции организации в данной сфере международного сотрудничества. Особое внимание уделяется специфике деятельности ВОИС в сфере патентной системы в ее национальном и международном измерении в аспекте ее воздействия на международный трансфер технологий. Помимо этого автор анализирует проектную деятельность данной организации в области патентов, воздействующей на передачу технологий в кроссграничном аспекте. Помимо этого детально исследована политика ВОИС в сфере промышленной собственности, предполагающая согласование интересов развитых и развивающихся государств применительно к охране промышленной собственности и защиты патентных прав, дуалистическим образом воздействующих на доступность технологий. В основу исследования положен системный метод, позволивший сформировать полные и исчерпывающие представления о многообразных направлениях деятельности организации в тематической сфере "патенты и передача технологий". Также автор использует сравнительный метод, позволяющий понять особенности работы ВОИС в сфере содействия передаче технологий в целях развития в контексте сопоставления с деятельностью других международных организаций. Основными выводом проведенного исследования является обоснование связи между политикой ВОИС в сфере развития права промышленной собственности и патентной системы, с одной стороны, и позиционированием данной организации в качестве института развития, нацеленного на облегчение доступа к технологиям, - с другой. Особым вкладом автора в исследование темы стало проведение детального анализа практически всех направлений деятельности организации в сфере адаптации права ИС к новым условиям международного технологического обмена. Новизна исследования заключается в том, что автор обосновал вывод о новой парадигме, которой придерживается в своей работе данная организация, которая, движимая собственной Повесткой развития, нацелена в последнее время не просто на содействие в доступе развивающихся стран к технологиям, но на разворот международного технологического трансфера на содействие формированию в развивающихся государствах собственного национального технологического потенциала.


Ключевые слова:

промышленная собственность, технологии, развивающиеся государства, технологический трансфер, формирование потенциала, зеленые технологии, патентная система, технологическая платформа, патетная информация, Соглашение ТРИПС

Abstract: The subject of this research is such aspect of the work of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) as “patents and transfer of technologies”. The author carefully examines the direct and implied competence of the organization in this area of international cooperation. A special attention is given to the specificity of the work of WIPO in the sphere of patent system in its national and international dimensions in the aspect of this influence upon the international transfer of technologies. The author also analyzes the projection work of this organization in the area of patents, which affects transfer of technologies in the transboundary aspect.  The article also presents the detailed research of WIPO policy in the area of industrial property, which suggests agreement of interests of developed and developing countries with regards to protection of industrial property and patent right, dualistically impacting accessibility of technologies. The main conclusion consists in substantiation of connection between the WIPO policy in the area of development of law of industrial property and patent system on one hand, and positioning of this organization as a development institution aimed at easing access to technologies – on the other. The scientific novelty of this research lies in the fact that the author justified the thesis on the new paradigm that is used by this organization in their work, which being driven by its own development agenda, is lately aimed not only at assistance in access to technologies for developing nations, but at turning the international technological transfer towards assistance with formation of national technological potential in developing countries.


Keywords:

TRIPS Agreement, patent information, technological platform, patent system, green technology, capacity building, technology transfer, technology, developing countries, industrial property


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