Аннотация: The subject of this research is the modern analytical philosophy and the problem of mental causation in particular. This problem consists in combination of persuasion in the causal closedness of the world with the idea that mental conditions are causally effective. The problem of mental causation is tradition in the history of philosophy; it has been raised even back within the framework of dualistic ideas of Descartes. The modern analytical philosophers have made a significant contribution into its solution. The author also examines the solutions for the problem of mental causation in the context of local interactionism, emergentism, and teleofunctionalism proposed by Russian and foreign philosophers. Scientific novelty consists in the fact that the author explores the most contemporary approaches towards solution of the problem of mental causation, which yet have never been thoroughly examined within the Russian or foreign history of philosophy. The author also presents a new argument for criticism of the local interactionism, as well as his own interpretation of the teleofunctional solution of the problem of mental causation.

Ключевые слова: Mental, Over-determination, Emergentism, Argument of causal trajectories, Teleofunctionalism, Supervenience, Psycho-physical problem, Causal closure, Local interactionism, Mental causation

Библиография:
Muijnck, Wim De. Dependencies, Connections, and Other Relations: A Theory of Mental Causation. / Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publisher, 2003. – 288 p.
Malcom N. Conceivability of mechanism // Philosophical review. Durham: Duke University Press. 1968. No. 77. Pp. 445-72
Lewis D. Extrinsic Properties // Philosophical Studies. NY.: Springer International Publishing AG. 1983. No. 44. Pp. 197–200.
Kim J. Physicalism, or Something Near Enough. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 2007. 201 p.
Kim J. Essays in the Metaphysics of Mind. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2010. 317 p.
Kim J. Philosophy of mind. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. 2006. 374 p.
Kim J. Mind in a Physical World: An Essay on the Mind-Body Problem and Mental Causation. Massachusetts: MIT Press. 1998. 326 p.
Davidson D. The Essential Davidson. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2006. 282 p.
Hare R.M. The inaugural address: Supervenience // Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Supplementary. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1984. Vol.58. Pp. 1-16.
Dennett D. Intuition pumps and other tools for thinking. NY.: W. W. Norton & Company. 2013. 463 p.
Dennett D. Darwin’s dangerous idea: evolution and the meaning of life. NY.: Simon and Schuster Paperback. 1995. 586 p.
Churchland P. Betty Crocker’s Theory // London review of books. London: LRB Limited. 1994. Vol. 16. No. 9. Pp. 13-14.
Chalmers D. J. Facing up to the Problem of Consciousness // Journal of Consciousness Studies. Cambridge: MIT Press. 1995. Vol. 2. № 3. Pp. 200-219.
Dubrovskiy D. I. Sub'ektivnaya real'nost' i mozg: opyt teoreticheskogo resheniya problemy // Vestnik Rossiyskoy akademii nauk, 2013. №1. 1,7 p.l. C. 45-57
Serl Dzh. Otkryvaya soznanie zanovo / Per. s angl. Yaz. A.F. Gryaznov, M.: Ideya-Press, 2002. 256 s.
Dubrovskiy D.I. Informatsiya, soznanie, mozg. M.: Vysshaya shkola, 1980. 286 s.
Dubrovskiy D.I. Problema ideal'nogo. M.: Kanon+, 2002. 368 s.
Dubrovskiy D.I. Soznanie, mozg, iskusstvennyy intellekt. M.: Izdatel'skiy dom «Strategiya-Tsentr», 2007. 272 s.
Volkov D.B. «Oprovergaet li argument kauzal'nykh traektoriy lokal'nuyu superventnost' mental'nogo nad fizicheskim» // Epistemologiya i filosofiya nauki. M.: Izdatel'skiy dom «Al'fa-M», 2015. Vyp. 2, C. 166-182.
Vasil'ev V.V. Trudnaya problema soznaniya. M.: Progress-Traditsiya, 2009. 272 s.
Vasil'ev V.V. Soznanie i veshchi: Ocherk fenomenalisticheskoy ontologii. M.: Knizhnyy dom: «LIBROKOM», 2014. 240 s.
Vasilyev V.V. “The Hard Problem of Consciousness” and Two Arguments for Interactionism // Faith and Philosophy, 2009. No. 26 (5), pp. 514-526.

References (transliteration):
Muijnck, Wim De. Dependencies, Connections, and Other Relations: A Theory of Mental Causation. / Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publisher, 2003. – 288 p.
Malcom N. Conceivability of mechanism // Philosophical review. Durham: Duke University Press. 1968. No. 77. Pp. 445-72
Lewis D. Extrinsic Properties // Philosophical Studies. NY.: Springer International Publishing AG. 1983. No. 44. Pp. 197–200.
Kim J. Physicalism, or Something Near Enough. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 2007. 201 p.
Kim J. Essays in the Metaphysics of Mind. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2010. 317 p.
Kim J. Philosophy of mind. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. 2006. 374 p.
Kim J. Mind in a Physical World: An Essay on the Mind-Body Problem and Mental Causation. Massachusetts: MIT Press. 1998. 326 p.
Davidson D. The Essential Davidson. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2006. 282 p.
Hare R.M. The inaugural address: Supervenience // Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Supplementary. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1984. Vol.58. Pp. 1-16.
Dennett D. Intuition pumps and other tools for thinking. NY.: W. W. Norton & Company. 2013. 463 p.
Dennett D. Darwin’s dangerous idea: evolution and the meaning of life. NY.: Simon and Schuster Paperback. 1995. 586 p.
Churchland P. Betty Crocker’s Theory // London review of books. London: LRB Limited. 1994. Vol. 16. No. 9. Pp. 13-14.
Chalmers D. J. Facing up to the Problem of Consciousness // Journal of Consciousness Studies. Cambridge: MIT Press. 1995. Vol. 2. № 3. Pp. 200-219.
Dubrovskiy D. I. Sub'ektivnaya real'nost' i mozg: opyt teoreticheskogo resheniya problemy // Vestnik Rossiyskoy akademii nauk, 2013. №1. 1,7 p.l. C. 45-57
Serl Dzh. Otkryvaya soznanie zanovo / Per. s angl. Yaz. A.F. Gryaznov, M.: Ideya-Press, 2002. 256 s.
Dubrovskiy D.I. Informatsiya, soznanie, mozg. M.: Vysshaya shkola, 1980. 286 s.
Dubrovskiy D.I. Problema ideal'nogo. M.: Kanon+, 2002. 368 s.
Dubrovskiy D.I. Soznanie, mozg, iskusstvennyy intellekt. M.: Izdatel'skiy dom «Strategiya-Tsentr», 2007. 272 s.
Volkov D.B. «Oprovergaet li argument kauzal'nykh traektoriy lokal'nuyu superventnost' mental'nogo nad fizicheskim» // Epistemologiya i filosofiya nauki. M.: Izdatel'skiy dom «Al'fa-M», 2015. Vyp. 2, C. 166-182.
Vasil'ev V.V. Trudnaya problema soznaniya. M.: Progress-Traditsiya, 2009. 272 s.
Vasil'ev V.V. Soznanie i veshchi: Ocherk fenomenalisticheskoy ontologii. M.: Knizhnyy dom: «LIBROKOM», 2014. 240 s.
Vasilyev V.V. “The Hard Problem of Consciousness” and Two Arguments for Interactionism // Faith and Philosophy, 2009. No. 26 (5), pp. 514-526.

Аннотация: The article is devoted to epistemological and ontological aspects of the problem of biological causality originating from a broad convergent interpretation of the nature of information and interaction between living objects. The authors focus on cognitive differentiations that relate to the strategies of perceiving and presenting information. The authors also describe particular features of information influences at the level of formation of causal connections between the source and the receiver (due to the non-objective nature of information media) and the process of perceiving messages. The results of researching the biogenesis of the ‘parasite-host’ system are generalized based on the example where parasites are bacterial nanoforms and the host is the epithelium of fish. Based on methodological approaches to construction of nano-bio-info-cognitive technologies, the authors of the article view a number of general issues of determinism as well as particular issues of formation of the cause-and-effect relations. This new interpretation of the framework of categories created the grounds for further determination of special features of communication causality. The authors of the article also try to compare the cause-and-effect patterns in the material world to their information equivalent. By using the three-level model of information influence offered by the authors, they define special features of the biogenesis in the ‘parasite-host’ system. The two-side nature of the causal connections is viewed as the most important condition for sustainable genesis of biological objects.

Ключевые слова: convergent nature of information, model of information interactions, nano-bio-info-cognitive technologies, cause-and-effect relations, biological causality, colony of parasite, parasite-host, logic of the purposes of a living object, system adaptation, biogenesis sustainability.

Контактная информация: Yurkevich Evgeny Vladimirovich, 117997, Russia, Moscow, ul. Profsoyuznaya 65.

Библиография:
Beklemishev V.N. Biotsenoticheskie osnovy sravnitel'noy parazitologii. M.: Izd. MGU. 1970.240 s.
Burlakov A.B., Yurkevich E.V. Devitsina G.V. Osobennosti vozdeystviya slabykh i sverkhslabykh elektromagnitnykh poley na individual'noe biologicheskoe vremya zhivykh sistem // Nelineynyy mir №4, t.9, 2011, S. 232-242.
Vaynshteyn M.B., Kudryashova E.B. O nanobakteriyakh // Mikrobiologiya. 2000. T. 69. № 2. S. 163-174.
Gumilev L.N. Konets i vnov' nachalo / M.: TENEIS DIDIK, 1994.
Devitsina G.V., Yurkevich E.V., Burlakov A.B., Golovkina T.V. Analiz protsessov biogeneza v sisteme «parazit–khozyain» na primere bakterial'nykh nanoform v epitelial'noy tkani ryb // Tekhnologii zhivykh sistem, M.-«Radiotekhnika», t.10, №9, 2013, S. 88-97.
Devitsina G.V., Golovkina T.V., Zenova G.M., Soina V.ChS., Bogdanov A.G. Bakterial'nye nanoformy v epitelii rotovoy polosti i naruzhnykh pokrovov ryb // DAN. T.444. №5. 2012. S. 1-3.
Dogel' V.A.. Obshchaya parazitologiya. L.: Izd.Leningr.Un-ta. 1962. 464 s.
Leshchev S.V. Ontologicheskiy status Testa T'yuringa i sub'ektivnaya real'nost' konvergentnykh tekhnologiy: evolyutsiya razumnosti//Test T'yuringa: filosofskie interpretatsii i prakticheskie realizatsii: Materialy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii, posvyashchennoe 60-letiyu publikatsii stat'yu Alana T'yuringa Computing Machinery and Intelligence. M., 2011. C. 47-61.
Leshchev S.V. Konvergentno-tekhnologicheskie resheniya i gumanitarnye implikatsii neyrokomp'yutinga // Neyrokomp'yutery: razrabotka, primenenie. M., 2013. №4. S.64-67.
Sergiev V.P., Filatov N.N. Infektsionnye bolezni na rubezhe vekov. Osoznanie biologicheskoy ugrozy; Tsentr issledovaniya problem bezopasnosti RAN. – M.: Nauka, 2006. – 572s.
Tulinov V.D., Nedel'skiy N.F., Oleynikov B.I. Kontseptsii sovremennogo estestvoznaniya. M.: Agar, 2001.
Filippova A.V. Sakharova T. V. Biologicheskie vzaimodeystviya «parazit-khozyain» //  Sb.trudov «Estestvoznanie i gumanizm» (Red. Prof. Il'inskikh N.N.). M.: Nauka. 2007. T. 4, Vyp. 2. S. 53-61.
Chesnova L.V. Evolyutsionnaya kontseptsiya v parazitologii. M.: Nauka. 1978.
Shevchenko Yu.L., Onishchenko G.G. Mikroorganizmy i chelovek: nekotorye osobennosti ikh vzaimosushchestvovaniya na sovremennom etape// ZhMEI.2001.№2. S. 94-102.
Eshbi U.R. Vvedenie v kibernetiku. M.: Izd. Inostrannoy literatury. 1959.
Yurkevich E.V. Vvedenie v teoriyu informatsionnykh sistem / M.,ID «Tekhnologii», 2007
Yurkevich E.V. Informatsionnye osobennosti sochetaniya material'nogo i dukhovnogo aspektov sushchestvovaniya zhivykh sistem // Filosofiya i kul'tura №9 (57) 2012, S.17-18. Oreshkov O., Costa F., Brukner C. Quantum correlations with no causal order // Nature Communications 3:1092 (2012)
Kul'ba V.V., Shul'ts V.L., Shelkov A.B., Chernov I.V. Stsenarnyy analiz v upravlenii informatsionnoy podderzhkoy protsessov preduprezhdeniya i uregulirovaniya konfliktnykh situatsiy v Arktike // NB: Natsional'naya bezopasnost'. - 2013. - 1. - C. 62 - 152. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/nb/article_301.html
Ursul A.D. Issledovanie informatsionnykh i global'nykh protsessov: mezhdistsiplinarnye podkhody i svyazi // NB: Problemy obshchestva i politiki. - 2012. - 3. - C. 154 - 201. DOI: 10.7256/2306-0158.2012.3.259. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/pr/article_259.html
Gurevich I.M. Fizicheskaya informatika – novoe sinteticheskoe nauchnoe napravlenie // NB: Kibernetika i programmirovanie. - 2013. - 3. - C. 55 - 74. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/kp/article_9133.html
E.V. Gryaznova Identifikatsiya cheloveka v informatsionnoy real'nosti // Psikhologiya i psikhotekhnika. - 2013. - 4. - C. 371 - 379. DOI: 10.7256/2070-8955.2013.04.8.
Ursul A.D. Kul'tura kak informatsionnyy fenomen // NB: Filosofskie issledovaniya. - 2013. - 8. - C. 295 - 355. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/fr/article_508.html
S.L. Len'kov Psikhologicheskaya tipologiya professional'noy deyatel'nosti informatsionnogo kharaktera // Psikhologiya i psikhotekhnika. - 2012. - 4. - C. 72 - 83.

References (transliteration):
Beklemishev V.N. Biotsenoticheskie osnovy sravnitel'noy parazitologii. M.: Izd. MGU. 1970.240 s.
Burlakov A.B., Yurkevich E.V. Devitsina G.V. Osobennosti vozdeystviya slabykh i sverkhslabykh elektromagnitnykh poley na individual'noe biologicheskoe vremya zhivykh sistem // Nelineynyy mir №4, t.9, 2011, S. 232-242.
Vaynshteyn M.B., Kudryashova E.B. O nanobakteriyakh // Mikrobiologiya. 2000. T. 69. № 2. S. 163-174.
Gumilev L.N. Konets i vnov' nachalo / M.: TENEIS DIDIK, 1994.
Devitsina G.V., Yurkevich E.V., Burlakov A.B., Golovkina T.V. Analiz protsessov biogeneza v sisteme «parazit–khozyain» na primere bakterial'nykh nanoform v epitelial'noy tkani ryb // Tekhnologii zhivykh sistem, M.-«Radiotekhnika», t.10, №9, 2013, S. 88-97.
Devitsina G.V., Golovkina T.V., Zenova G.M., Soina V.ChS., Bogdanov A.G. Bakterial'nye nanoformy v epitelii rotovoy polosti i naruzhnykh pokrovov ryb // DAN. T.444. №5. 2012. S. 1-3.
Dogel' V.A.. Obshchaya parazitologiya. L.: Izd.Leningr.Un-ta. 1962. 464 s.
Leshchev S.V. Ontologicheskiy status Testa T'yuringa i sub'ektivnaya real'nost' konvergentnykh tekhnologiy: evolyutsiya razumnosti//Test T'yuringa: filosofskie interpretatsii i prakticheskie realizatsii: Materialy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii, posvyashchennoe 60-letiyu publikatsii stat'yu Alana T'yuringa Computing Machinery and Intelligence. M., 2011. C. 47-61.
Leshchev S.V. Konvergentno-tekhnologicheskie resheniya i gumanitarnye implikatsii neyrokomp'yutinga // Neyrokomp'yutery: razrabotka, primenenie. M., 2013. №4. S.64-67.
Sergiev V.P., Filatov N.N. Infektsionnye bolezni na rubezhe vekov. Osoznanie biologicheskoy ugrozy; Tsentr issledovaniya problem bezopasnosti RAN. – M.: Nauka, 2006. – 572s.
Tulinov V.D., Nedel'skiy N.F., Oleynikov B.I. Kontseptsii sovremennogo estestvoznaniya. M.: Agar, 2001.
Filippova A.V. Sakharova T. V. Biologicheskie vzaimodeystviya «parazit-khozyain» //  Sb.trudov «Estestvoznanie i gumanizm» (Red. Prof. Il'inskikh N.N.). M.: Nauka. 2007. T. 4, Vyp. 2. S. 53-61.
Chesnova L.V. Evolyutsionnaya kontseptsiya v parazitologii. M.: Nauka. 1978.
Shevchenko Yu.L., Onishchenko G.G. Mikroorganizmy i chelovek: nekotorye osobennosti ikh vzaimosushchestvovaniya na sovremennom etape// ZhMEI.2001.№2. S. 94-102.
Eshbi U.R. Vvedenie v kibernetiku. M.: Izd. Inostrannoy literatury. 1959.
Yurkevich E.V. Vvedenie v teoriyu informatsionnykh sistem / M.,ID «Tekhnologii», 2007
Yurkevich E.V. Informatsionnye osobennosti sochetaniya material'nogo i dukhovnogo aspektov sushchestvovaniya zhivykh sistem // Filosofiya i kul'tura №9 (57) 2012, S.17-18. Oreshkov O., Costa F., Brukner C. Quantum correlations with no causal order // Nature Communications 3:1092 (2012)
Kul'ba V.V., Shul'ts V.L., Shelkov A.B., Chernov I.V. Stsenarnyy analiz v upravlenii informatsionnoy podderzhkoy protsessov preduprezhdeniya i uregulirovaniya konfliktnykh situatsiy v Arktike // NB: Natsional'naya bezopasnost'. - 2013. - 1. - C. 62 - 152. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/nb/article_301.html
Ursul A.D. Issledovanie informatsionnykh i global'nykh protsessov: mezhdistsiplinarnye podkhody i svyazi // NB: Problemy obshchestva i politiki. - 2012. - 3. - C. 154 - 201. DOI: 10.7256/2306-0158.2012.3.259. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/pr/article_259.html
Gurevich I.M. Fizicheskaya informatika – novoe sinteticheskoe nauchnoe napravlenie // NB: Kibernetika i programmirovanie. - 2013. - 3. - C. 55 - 74. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/kp/article_9133.html
E.V. Gryaznova Identifikatsiya cheloveka v informatsionnoy real'nosti // Psikhologiya i psikhotekhnika. - 2013. - 4. - C. 371 - 379. DOI: 10.7256/2070-8955.2013.04.8.
Ursul A.D. Kul'tura kak informatsionnyy fenomen // NB: Filosofskie issledovaniya. - 2013. - 8. - C. 295 - 355. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/fr/article_508.html
S.L. Len'kov Psikhologicheskaya tipologiya professional'noy deyatel'nosti informatsionnogo kharaktera // Psikhologiya i psikhotekhnika. - 2012. - 4. - C. 72 - 83.

Аннотация: The explication and the analysis of some basic difficulties which realization of the project of «atemporal physics and metaphysics» in modern philosophy and a science faces is undertaken. It is shown, that key idea of the given project is attempt of representation of the objective reality (or so-called «the ultimate reality») as reality that is timeless at its fundamental level. The question on the ontological status of concepts of \"time\" and «the ultimate reality» from the point of view of the ontology of sciences is analyzed. Conclusion that concepts of \"time\", from one hand, and «the ultimate reality», from other hand, when latter one is considered as a synonym of the objective reality, are ontologically incompatible, is supposed. Ontological resources of the interdisciplinary approach to the problem of time in a context of the question of \"the ultimate reality» are explored. Some ontological criteria for the objectification of time in the ontology of science and metaphysics are formulated. Heuristic potential of the thesis of \"Realism\", as the fundamental metaphysical premise of a science, for the decision of a question on the nature of «the ultimate reality» and its temporal features is shown. Some difficulties connected with terminological aspect of a problem of elaborating of «atemporal metaphysics are analyzed.

Ключевые слова: ultimate reality, eternity, time, philosophy of science, time: interdisciplinary researches, metaphysics of time, timelessness, atemporal metaphysics, ontology of science, objective reality.

Контактная информация: Zima Vadim Nikolaevich, 119991, Russia, Moscow, ul. Malya Pirogovskaya 1, str. 1.

Библиография:
Stenger V.J. Timeless Reality: Symmetry, Simplicity, and Multiple Universes. Prometheus Books. N.Y., 2000. – 396 p.
Sorabji R. Time, creation and the continuum: theories in antique and the early middle ages. Ithaca (N.Y.), 1983. – 473 p.
Maximi confessoris. Ambiguorum Liber // PG. 91. Col. 1031-1418.
Price H. Time’s Arrow and Archimedes’ Point. – N.Y., 1996. – xiii+306 p.
Healey R. Can Physics Coherently Deny the Reality of Time? // Time, Reality &Experience /edited by Craig Callender. – N.Y., 2002. – P. 293-316.
Einstein A. Maxwell’s Influence on the Development of the Conception of Physical Reality / James Clerk Maxwell: A Commemoration Volume. Cambridge University Press, 1931. – P. 66-73.
Craig W.L. Time and eternity: Exploring God’s Relationship to Time. – Crossway, Wheaton, Illinois, 2001. – 272 p.

References (transliteration):
Stenger V.J. Timeless Reality: Symmetry, Simplicity, and Multiple Universes. Prometheus Books. N.Y., 2000. – 396 p.
Sorabji R. Time, creation and the continuum: theories in antique and the early middle ages. Ithaca (N.Y.), 1983. – 473 p.
Maximi confessoris. Ambiguorum Liber // PG. 91. Col. 1031-1418.
Price H. Time’s Arrow and Archimedes’ Point. – N.Y., 1996. – xiii+306 p.
Healey R. Can Physics Coherently Deny the Reality of Time? // Time, Reality &Experience /edited by Craig Callender. – N.Y., 2002. – P. 293-316.
Einstein A. Maxwell’s Influence on the Development of the Conception of Physical Reality / James Clerk Maxwell: A Commemoration Volume. Cambridge University Press, 1931. – P. 66-73.
Craig W.L. Time and eternity: Exploring God’s Relationship to Time. – Crossway, Wheaton, Illinois, 2001. – 272 p.