Аннотация: Article is devoted to the theoretical and practical problems of the phenomenon of the program regulation of the international relations. There proved that the application of the programmatic regulation of international legal relationships became one of the distinguishing features in formation of modern international law. The specialties of the phenomenology of the international legal programming in the historical, axiological and ontological aspects are analyzed. The international programs are looked in a context of the form of controlling norms, in particular, within the framework of bilateral intergovernmental legal relationships, external and internal organizational-legal activity of international organizations of the global and regional measuring; so with distinguishing the regalement acts in the field of the international legal programming. There are investigated the aspects of evolution of the use of programmatic acts, as regulators of international relations, general normative peculiarities of programmatic regulation, specific nature of such international regulation in the conditions of sustainable development and modernization. Also the question of preconditions of input of programmatic regulation in the international law, in the context of problem of sources and forms of international law and program character of international legal norms is looked at. The specifications of the program potential of the international legal relations in the frames of the current international legal doctrine are distinguished at. There is proved that the practice of the international programming can be recognized as supernational in fact it touches upon both aspects of intergovernmental collaboration and questions of actions of internal actors of the states within the framework of their national jurisdiction. A general conclusion is made that the programmatic regulation became important component part of the international legal regulation today. That’s why a thesis about the international programs, as the special source of international law, though requires an additional discussion, but is considered by the author productive enough and perspective.

Ключевые слова: intergovermental program, multilateral program, bilateral program, interstate program, programmatic implementation, international program, international law norms, international law forms, international organizations, programatic legal regulation

Abstract: Article is devoted to the theoretical and practical problems of the phenomenon of the program regulation of the international relations. There proved that the application of the programmatic regulation of international legal relationships became one of the distinguishing features in formation of modern international law. The specialties of the phenomenology of the international legal programming in the historical, axiological and ontological aspects are analyzed. The international programs are looked in a context of the form of controlling norms, in particular, within the framework of bilateral intergovernmental legal relationships, external and internal organizational-legal activity of international organizations of the global and regional measuring; so with distinguishing the regalement acts in the field of the international legal programming. There are investigated the aspects of evolution of the use of programmatic acts, as regulators of international relations, general normative peculiarities of programmatic regulation, specific nature of such international regulation in the conditions of sustainable development and modernization. Also the question of preconditions of input of programmatic regulation in the international law, in the context of problem of sources and forms of international law and program character of international legal norms is looked at. The specifications of the program potential of the international legal relations in the frames of the current international legal doctrine are distinguished at. There is proved that the practice of the international programming can be recognized as supernational in fact it touches upon both aspects of intergovernmental collaboration and questions of actions of internal actors of the states within the framework of their national jurisdiction. A general conclusion is made that the programmatic regulation became important component part of the international legal regulation today. That’s why a thesis about the international programs, as the special source of international law, though requires an additional discussion, but is considered by the author productive enough and perspective.

Keywords: intergovermental program, multilateral program, bilateral program, interstate program, programmatic implementation, international program, international law norms, international law forms, international organizations, programatic legal regulation

Аннотация: В статье подробно рассматривается политика Европейского союза в области охраны лесов. Проведен анализ основных механизмов управления, а также представлен анализ законодательных актов в данной сфере стран Европейского союза. Представлена типология лесов в соответствии с нормативными правовыми актами некоторых европейских стран, а также их роль в эколого - климатическом равновесии Европы. Также рассмотрены, существующие в Европейском союзе, семь информационных уровней относительно лесных ресурсов.

Ключевые слова: Международное право, Экологическое право, охрана лесов, Европейский союз, Лесная стратегия, Зеленая книга

Abstract: The article is devoted to the detailed analysis of the policy of the European Union in the sphere of forest protection. The author analyzes the key administration mechanisms and legislative acts of the EU Member States in this sphere.  She includes typology of forests in accordance with the normative legal acts of some European states, as well as analysis of their role in environmental and climatic balance in Europe. The author also analyzes seven information levels regarding forest resources, which exist in the European Union.  

Keywords: international law, environmental law, forest protection, the European Union, the Forest Strategy, the Green Book

Аннотация: В статье рассматриваются вопросы становления и развития Союзного государства России и Беларуси. Особое внимание уделено проблемам защиты социально-трудовых прав граждан двух стран. Содержится анализ нормативной правовой базы в этой области и правоприменительной практики, выявляются недостатки в системе социальной защиты трудовых мигрантов и намечаются пути их преодоления. Раскрывается роль Союзного государства в интеграционных процессах на постсоветском пространстве. The article deals with questions of creation and development of the Union State – Russia – Belorus. Special attention is paid to problems of protection of social and labour rights of citizens of two countries. The author analyses the existing agreements and laws in this field as well as legal practice, reveals shortcomings in the system of social protection of labour migrants and points ways to overcome them. The role of the Union State in the integration processes on the post-Soviet territory is depicted.

Ключевые слова: Союзное государство, интеграция, равные права, унификация законодательства, социальная защита, практика выполнения, миграция, договор, соглашение, международное право

Abstract: The article deals with questions of creation and development of the Union State – Russia – Belorus. Special attention is paid to problems of protection of social and labour rights of citizens of two countries. The author analyses the existing agreements and laws in this field as well as legal practice, reveals shortcomings in the system of social protection of labour migrants and points ways to overcome them. The role of the Union State in the integration processes on the post-Soviet territory is depicted

Keywords: the Union State, integration, equal rights, legislation unification, social protection, implementation practice, migration, contract, treaty, internatioanl contract

Аннотация: Статья представляет собой краткий обзор решений, вынесенных Европейским судом по правам человека с 1998 по 2008 гг. в отношении Российской Федерации. Автор делает выводы о влиянии европейского прецедентного права на отечественную правовую систему и её недостатках в области защиты прав человека, описывает причины отказа в рассмотрении дел в отношении России, указывает на наличие политизированных решений со стороны Евро-пейского Суда.

Ключевые слова: Политология, права человека, Совет Европы, Европейская конвенция о защите прав человека, Европейский Суд по правам человека, Российская Федерация, политизированные решения, чеченские дела, дело Илашку, дело Гусинского

Abstract: The article contains a brief overview of the decisions  of the European Court of Human Rights in cases against the Russian Federation in the period from 1998 to 2008. The author makes a conclusion on the influence of the European precedent law on the Russian legal system and its shortcomings in the sphere of human rights protection. She also describes the causes for refusals to take some cases against Russia, points out political decisions of the ECHR.

Keywords: political science, human rights, the Council of Europe, the European Convention on Human Rights, the European Court of Human Rights, the Russian Federation, political decisions, Chechen cases, Ilascu case, Gusinsky case

Аннотация: Серьезной проблемой, порожденной распадом СССР, стала выплата внешнего долга Советского Союза и раздел его зарубежных активов. Бывшим советским республикам предстояло определиться по вопросу правосубъектности Российской Федерации, согласовать способы и порядок погашения внешнего государственного долга, что рассматривалось как необходимое и обязательное условие для раздела зарубежной государственной собственности. Общепризнанным способом урегулирования спорных межгосударственных отношений является заключение международного договора. В работе проанализированы попытки достижения согласия между бывшими советскими республиками путем заключения международных многосторонних соглашений в рамках СССР и сменившего его СНГ. Наряду с анализом проблемы исполнения международных государственных обязательств в работе уделено внимание и долговым обязательствам бывшего СССР частным лицам, исследованы различные подходы к разрешению этого вопроса. Особенности процесса решения проблемы выплаты внешнего долга, раздела активов бывшего СССР и достигнутые в конечном итоге результаты являются предметом исследования предлагаемой статьи.

Ключевые слова: право, международный договор, загрансобственность, внешний долг, правопреемство, континуитет, правосубъектность, внешние активы, Внешэкономбанк, "нулевой вариант"

Abstract: The payment of an external debt of the Soviet Union and dividing of its foreign assets was a serious problem, appearing due to the breakup of the Soviet Union.  The former Soviet Republic had to figure out the legal capacity of the Russian Federation, agree upon the means of payment of an external state debt, which was a necessary and obligatory condition for the division of state property abroad. The generally recognized way of regulating disputes in international relations is an international treaty. This article contains analysis of the attempts to achieve agreement among the former Soviet republics by conclusion of international multilateral treaties within the frameworks of the USSR and later the CIS. In addition to the analysis of problems regarding implementation of international state obligations, the author pays attention to the debts of the former USSR to the private persons, and various approaches towards this issue.  The object of studies in this article includes specific features of solving the problems regarding payment of external debt and dividing the foreign assets of the former USSR as well as the de facto results. 

Keywords: law, international treaty, property abroad, external debt, successor, continuity, legal capacity, foreign assets, Vneshekonombank, zero option