Аннотация: At present more and more researchers and practicians draw their attention to the problem of use of employing amendments and deformation of information environment as specific information weapon for gaining political, economical, war and other objectives. Problems of information warfare, information protection, and information counteraction are worked out actively 1. In this respect a specific type of information security threats is pointed out, it concerns an individual, his or her personality first of all. To tell the truth, threats of this kind influence on state and social security through influence on people’s mentality. Thus, they can be defined as threats to a humanitarian part of information protection or as information-psychological security. The following threats are distinguished as another type of principal threats that can be defined in general as threats to an information and technical part of information security.

Ключевые слова: the international relations, the international safety, political conflicts, conflicts management technologies, conflicts management, psychological operations, information war, politica, interests, UN

Abstract: At present more and more researchers and practicians draw their attention to the problem of use of employing amendments and deformation of information environment as specific information weapon for gaining political, economical, war and other objectives. Problems of information warfare, information protection, and information counteraction are worked out actively 1.In this respect a specific type of information security threats is pointed out, it concerns an individual, his or her personality first of all. To tell the truth, threats of this kind influence on state and social security through influence on people’s mentality. Thus, they can be defined as threats to a humanitarian part of information protection or as information-psychological security.The following threats are distinguished as another type of principal threats that can be defined in general as threats to an information and technical part of information security.

Keywords: the international relations, the international safety, political conflicts, conflicts management technologies, conflict management, psychological operations, information war, political, interests, the UN

Аннотация: Объектом исследования являются проблемы формирования национальной идентичности в США и России. Предметом выступает специфика генезиса, формирования и функ-ционирования нации в США и России. Целью исследования является анализ особенностей и закономерностей формирование национальной идентичности. В соответствии с целью можно выделить следующие задачи: 1.Рассмотреть такое явление как формирование нации, выявить при-чины и факторы которые помогают её сформировать. 2.Показать специфику формирования нации в России и США. 3.Выявить проблемы нациестроительства в России и США 4.Провести анализ, выявить общие закономерности ,проблемы и тенденции в в развитии нациестроительства в США и РФ. Также для обеспечения становления российской нации необходимо отходить от старых советских определений на тему, что есть народ, нация, национальное государство. Как было уже нами сказано, многие десятилетия термин “национальное” понимался исключительно в этнических или этнокультурных категориях. Проанализировав процессы протекающие в России и США, провен сравнительный анализ проблем в формирование идентичности в США и России.

Ключевые слова: идентичность, этнос, национализм, иммиграция, государство, Российская Федерация, США, проблематика, генезис, нация

Abstract: The object of this study includes the problems of national identity formation in the USA and in Russia. The specific object is genesis, fomation and functioning of nation in the USA and in Russia. The goal of the study is to analyze the specific features and patterns of national identity formation. In accordance with this goal one may establish the following aims: (1) to view the formation of nation, as well as causes and factors, which facilitate its formation; (2) to show specific features of formation of nation in Russia and in the USA; (3) to identify the problems of nation-building in Russia and in the USA; (4) to analyze, to establish the common patterns, problems and tendencies in the nation-building in the USA and in Russia. Also in order to guarantee the formation of hte Russian nation, one needs to leave behind the old Soviet definitions of "people", "nation", "nation-state".  As it was mentioned above, for many decades the term "national" was unsterstood solely within the limits of ethnical or ethnic-cultural categories. The article includes analysis of the processes in Russia and in the USA, as well as comparative analysis of problems of identity formation in Russia and in the USA.

Keywords: identity, ethnic group, nationalism, immigration, state, the Russian Federation, the USA, the problem issues, genesis, nation

Аннотация: В статье рассказывается о конституционно-правовой и политической институционализации гражданского диалога в Евросоюзе. Гражданский диалог, не имеющий четкого определения, рассматривается как важнейший институт демократии участия и делиберативного процесса в Евросоюзе. В статье представлены основные формы гражданского диалога и раскрыта роль организаций гражданского общества в транснациональных интеграционных процессах ЕС. Эти коммуникативно-интеграционные процессы в ЕС сопоставляются с диалогом государства и гражданского общества в РФ и в других евроазиатских странах постсоветского политического пространства.

Ключевые слова: гражданский диалог, институционализация, интеграция, Евросоюз, Евразийский проект

Abstract: This article examines the institutionalization of civil dialogue in the EU, regarding its constitutional law and political aspects. Despite not having an established definition, Civil dialogue is perceived as one of the most important tools of democratic participation and dialogue in the EU. The article describes the main forms of civil dialogue and explains the role of civil society in transnational processes of integration in the EU. Those communicatory and integration processes of the EU are viewed side by side with the dialogue between the state and the civil society in Russian Federation and other Eurasian post-Soviet countries.

Keywords: civil dialogue, institunalization, integration, European Union, Eurasia Project