Библиотека
|
ваш профиль |
Политика и Общество
Правильная ссылка на статью:
Ковалев И.Г.
Британская монархия: современная роль и проблема модернизации
// Политика и Общество.
2015. № 4.
С. 495-505.
URL: https://nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=54371
Ковалев И.Г. Британская монархия: современная роль и проблема модернизацииАннотация: В статье исследуются особенности современного состояния и значения старейшего государственного института Великобритании – монархии. Детально рассматриваются причины и направления, возникающих время от времени, волн критики этой формы правления, анализируются аргументы ее сторонников и противников. Поднимается проблема необходимости совершенствования и модернизации британской монархии, отмечаются основные проблемы и вызовы, с которыми она сталкивается в наши дни. Отмечается взвешенный и прагматичный подход британских политиков к проблемам реформирования столь важного государственного института. Анализируются подготовка, конкретное содержание и значение осуществленных в последние годы реформ, направленных на приспособление монархии к реалиям современной жизни. Методология настоящего исследования определяется его комплексным междисциплинарным характером, что предполагает использование приемов и подходов, присущих исторической, политологической, юридической, экономической и социологической наукам. При этом приоритетное значение имеет принцип историзма, подразумевающий научное объяснение явлений, предметов и событий в конкретных исторических условиях и взаимосвязях с целью выявления закономерностей их развития и причин качественных изменений. Другим базисным принципом настоящей статьи является принцип научной объективности. Он предполагает отказ от стереотипного отношения к объекту исследования. Научная новизна работы заключается в том, что это первое отечественное исследование проблем реформирования британской монархии в начале нынешнего века. Серьезное внимание, которое уделяют в Соединенном королевстве институту монархии и проблемам его модернизации в последние десятилетия свидетельствуют о его важной роли в системе центрального управления, Королева и в наши дни сохраняет свое значение в качестве общенационального символа, хранителей традиций, гарантов единства страны. Британская монархия демонстрирует очевидную способность соответствовать современным реалиям, адаптироваться к меняющимся условиям экономического, политического и общественного развития, сохранять престиж и популярность в представлении своих подданных. Ключевые слова: монархия, реформы, модернизация, политика, Великобритания, консерваторы, лейбористы, парламент, корона, престолонаследиеAbstract: The article examines the peculiarities of the modern state and significance of Great Britain's oldest institution - monarchy. Reasons and directions of the critique of this form of government, which arises from time to time, are considered in detail; the points of its supporters and detractors are analysed. A concern regarding the necessity of consolidation and modernisation of the British monarchy is brought up, and the major problems and challenges it faces nowadays are observed. Balanced and pragmatic approach of the British politicians to the issues of reforming of such important state institution is noted. Preparation, specific content and significance of the reforms conducted in the last years to adapt the monarchy to the modern realia are analysed. Methodology of the present study is defined by its complex interdisciplinary nature, which implies the use of techniques and approaches commonly found in history, political science, law, economics and sociology. At that, the priority importance is attached to the principle of historicism, which means a scientific explanation of phenomena, objects and events in certain historical conditions and interdependences in order to reveal the trends of their development and the reasons for qualitative changes. Another basic principle of the present article is the principle of scientific objectiveness. It means renuncation of stereotyped attitude towards the object of research. Scientific novelty of the paper resides in the fact that this is the first Russian research on the issues of reforming the British monarchy in the beginning of the present century. Considerable attention paid in the United Kingdom to the institution of monarchy and the problems of its modernisation during the last decades indicates its important role in the system of central control. Nowadays, the Queen still maintains her significance as a national symbol, a guardian of traditions, a guarantor of the country's unity. The British monarchy demonstrates the obvious ability to correspond to the modern realia, to adapt to the changing conditions of economic, political and social development, to keep the prestige and popularity in the eyes of its subjects. Keywords: Labourites, Conservatives, Great Britain, policy, modernisation, reforms, monarchy, Parliament, Crown, succession
Эта статья может быть бесплатно загружена в формате PDF для чтения. Обращаем ваше внимание на необходимость соблюдения авторских прав,
указания библиографической ссылки на статью при цитировании.
Скачать статью Библиография
1. The Guardian 07 December 2000
2. About Republic // URL: http://www.republic.org.uk/Who%20we%20are/About%20Republic/index.php (11.11.2014) 3. What We Want // URL: http://www.republic.org.uk/What%20we%20want/index.php 4. Экономная монархия // URL: http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/russian/uk/newsid_1412000/1412344.stm (13.01.2015) 5. Goldsmith V. The Queen's Finances: Ordinary Tax Allowances for Royals // URL:http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/the-queens-finances-ordinary-tax-allowances-for-royals-1472424.html (13.01.2015) 6. Major J. Monarchy Unites Our Nation As a President Never Could. // URL:http://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/personal-view/3576709/Monarchy-unites-our-nation-as-a-president-never-could.html (24.12.2014) 7. Monarchy Brings in £500 Million a Year from Foreign Tourists. // URL:http://media.visitbritain.com/News-Releases/Monarchy-brings-in-500-million-a-year-from-foreign-tourists-says-VisitBritain-research-5d2.aspx (23.12.2014) 8. The British Monarchy. A Long-Standing Institution Facing Modern Times // URL: http://secundaria.uvic.cat/_treballs/f4b193d52c2f2ef3cea72d9cbd12e42f76c9841e_THE%20BRITISH%20MONARCHY%20facing%20modern%20times.pdf (18.11.2014) 9. The Telegraph 13 June 2008 Britain Should Get Rid of the Monarchy // URL: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/theroyalfamily/2122182/Britain-should-get-rid-of-the-monarchy-says-UN.html (15.11.2014) 10. Does the Monarchy Still Matter? // URL:http://www.newstatesman.com/life-and-society/2009/07/british-culture-monarchy-queen (14.01.2015) 11. The Future of the Monarchy // URL: http://www.ipsos-mori.com/researchpublications/researcharchive/2966/The-Future-of-the-Monarchy.aspx (14.01.2015) 12. Wilson E. The Myth of British Monarchy. Cambridge, 1989; Grigg J. The Monarchy Revisited. Cambridge, 1993; Wilson A.N. The Rise and Fall of the House of Windsor. L., 1993; Samuel D.N. Prospects for the Monarchy. L., 1996; Hames T., Leonard M. Modernizing the Monarchy. L., 1998. 13. The British Monarchy. A Long-Standing Institution Facing Modern Times. // URL: http://secundaria.uvic.cat/_treballs/f4b193d52c2f2ef3cea72d9cbd12e42f76c9841e_THE%20BRITISH%20MONARCHY%20facing%20modern%20times.pdf (28.01.2015) 14. Burn-Callander R. Prince's Pride as Charities Inspire 125,000 to Start Their Own Business // URL:http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/yourbusiness/10293727/Princes-pride-as-charities-inspire-125000-to-start-their-own-business.html (02.02.2015) 15. The Times 20 August 1996 16. Ibidem 17. Major J. Monarchy Unites Our Nation As a President Never Could // URL:http://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/personal-view/3576709/Monarchy-unites-our-nation-as-a-president-never-could.html (24.12.2014) 18. Labour Party General Election Manifestos 1900-1997 / Ed. by D. Kavanagh and I. Dale. L., 2013. P.374. 19. The Tragedy of Diana // URL: http://www.economist.com/node/155605 (07.02.2015) 20. The Weekly Telegraph 17 September 1997. 21. Draper D. No Old Monarchy for New Labour // The Spectator 12 September 1997. P. 10. 22. Moss S. Wit, Wisdom, and Not a Burgundy Tie in Sight // URL: http://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/apr/10/broadcasting.queenmother (15.03.2015) 23. Great Britain. Parliamentary Debates. House of Lords Debates. Vol. 634. Col. 563-64. 24. Jones B., Kavanagh D., Moran M., Norton P. Politics UK. L., 2007. P. 402. 25. Ball S. Portrait of a Party: The Conservative Party in Britain 1918-1945. Oxford, 2003. P. 25 26. Fixed-term Parliaments Act, 2011 // URL: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2011/14/pdfs/ukpga_20110014_en.pdf (18.03.2015) 27. Sovereign Grant Act, 2011 // URL: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2011/15/pdfs/ukpga_20110015_en.pdf (19.03.2015) 28. Royal Family Facing Cuts in Funding // URL: http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-13984364 (24.03.2015) 29. Statement on Royal Public Finances, 4 July 2011 // URL: http://www.royal.gov.uk/LatestNewsandDiary/Pressreleases/2011/StatementonRoyalPublicFinances4July2011.aspx (25.03.2015) 30. Girls Equal in British Throne Succession // URL: http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-15492607 (25.03.2015) 31. Ibid. 32. The Succession to the Crown Bill-Constitution Committee // URL: http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld201213/ldselect/ldconst/106/10603.htm (26.03.2015) 33. Great Britain. Parliamentary Debates. House of Lords Debates. Vol. 744. Col. 1563 34. Succession to the Crown Act 2013// URL: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2013/20/pdfs/ukpga_20130020_en.pdf (27.03.2015) 35. Motion to Institute Proceedings for Declaratory Judgment // URL :https://jameswjbowden.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/motard-taillon-requc3aate-jugement-dc3a9claratoire-anglais.docx (04.04.2015) 36. Commencement of Succession to the Crown Act 2013: Written Statement-HCWS490 // URL: http://www.parliament.uk/business/publications/written-questions-answers-statements/written-statement/Commons/2015-03-26/HCWS490/ (05.04.2015) 37. Ibid. 38. Bogdanor V. The Monarchy and the Constitution. Oxford, 1995. P. 64-65. References
1. The Guardian 07 December 2000
2. About Republic // URL: http://www.republic.org.uk/Who%20we%20are/About%20Republic/index.php (11.11.2014) 3. What We Want // URL: http://www.republic.org.uk/What%20we%20want/index.php 4. Ekonomnaya monarkhiya // URL: http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/russian/uk/newsid_1412000/1412344.stm (13.01.2015) 5. Goldsmith V. The Queen's Finances: Ordinary Tax Allowances for Royals // URL:http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/the-queens-finances-ordinary-tax-allowances-for-royals-1472424.html (13.01.2015) 6. Major J. Monarchy Unites Our Nation As a President Never Could. // URL:http://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/personal-view/3576709/Monarchy-unites-our-nation-as-a-president-never-could.html (24.12.2014) 7. Monarchy Brings in £500 Million a Year from Foreign Tourists. // URL:http://media.visitbritain.com/News-Releases/Monarchy-brings-in-500-million-a-year-from-foreign-tourists-says-VisitBritain-research-5d2.aspx (23.12.2014) 8. The British Monarchy. A Long-Standing Institution Facing Modern Times // URL: http://secundaria.uvic.cat/_treballs/f4b193d52c2f2ef3cea72d9cbd12e42f76c9841e_THE%20BRITISH%20MONARCHY%20facing%20modern%20times.pdf (18.11.2014) 9. The Telegraph 13 June 2008 Britain Should Get Rid of the Monarchy // URL: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/theroyalfamily/2122182/Britain-should-get-rid-of-the-monarchy-says-UN.html (15.11.2014) 10. Does the Monarchy Still Matter? // URL:http://www.newstatesman.com/life-and-society/2009/07/british-culture-monarchy-queen (14.01.2015) 11. The Future of the Monarchy // URL: http://www.ipsos-mori.com/researchpublications/researcharchive/2966/The-Future-of-the-Monarchy.aspx (14.01.2015) 12. Wilson E. The Myth of British Monarchy. Cambridge, 1989; Grigg J. The Monarchy Revisited. Cambridge, 1993; Wilson A.N. The Rise and Fall of the House of Windsor. L., 1993; Samuel D.N. Prospects for the Monarchy. L., 1996; Hames T., Leonard M. Modernizing the Monarchy. L., 1998. 13. The British Monarchy. A Long-Standing Institution Facing Modern Times. // URL: http://secundaria.uvic.cat/_treballs/f4b193d52c2f2ef3cea72d9cbd12e42f76c9841e_THE%20BRITISH%20MONARCHY%20facing%20modern%20times.pdf (28.01.2015) 14. Burn-Callander R. Prince's Pride as Charities Inspire 125,000 to Start Their Own Business // URL:http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/yourbusiness/10293727/Princes-pride-as-charities-inspire-125000-to-start-their-own-business.html (02.02.2015) 15. The Times 20 August 1996 16. Ibidem 17. Major J. Monarchy Unites Our Nation As a President Never Could // URL:http://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/personal-view/3576709/Monarchy-unites-our-nation-as-a-president-never-could.html (24.12.2014) 18. Labour Party General Election Manifestos 1900-1997 / Ed. by D. Kavanagh and I. Dale. L., 2013. P.374. 19. The Tragedy of Diana // URL: http://www.economist.com/node/155605 (07.02.2015) 20. The Weekly Telegraph 17 September 1997. 21. Draper D. No Old Monarchy for New Labour // The Spectator 12 September 1997. P. 10. 22. Moss S. Wit, Wisdom, and Not a Burgundy Tie in Sight // URL: http://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/apr/10/broadcasting.queenmother (15.03.2015) 23. Great Britain. Parliamentary Debates. House of Lords Debates. Vol. 634. Col. 563-64. 24. Jones B., Kavanagh D., Moran M., Norton P. Politics UK. L., 2007. P. 402. 25. Ball S. Portrait of a Party: The Conservative Party in Britain 1918-1945. Oxford, 2003. P. 25 26. Fixed-term Parliaments Act, 2011 // URL: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2011/14/pdfs/ukpga_20110014_en.pdf (18.03.2015) 27. Sovereign Grant Act, 2011 // URL: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2011/15/pdfs/ukpga_20110015_en.pdf (19.03.2015) 28. Royal Family Facing Cuts in Funding // URL: http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-13984364 (24.03.2015) 29. Statement on Royal Public Finances, 4 July 2011 // URL: http://www.royal.gov.uk/LatestNewsandDiary/Pressreleases/2011/StatementonRoyalPublicFinances4July2011.aspx (25.03.2015) 30. Girls Equal in British Throne Succession // URL: http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-15492607 (25.03.2015) 31. Ibid. 32. The Succession to the Crown Bill-Constitution Committee // URL: http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld201213/ldselect/ldconst/106/10603.htm (26.03.2015) 33. Great Britain. Parliamentary Debates. House of Lords Debates. Vol. 744. Col. 1563 34. Succession to the Crown Act 2013// URL: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2013/20/pdfs/ukpga_20130020_en.pdf (27.03.2015) 35. Motion to Institute Proceedings for Declaratory Judgment // URL :https://jameswjbowden.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/motard-taillon-requc3aate-jugement-dc3a9claratoire-anglais.docx (04.04.2015) 36. Commencement of Succession to the Crown Act 2013: Written Statement-HCWS490 // URL: http://www.parliament.uk/business/publications/written-questions-answers-statements/written-statement/Commons/2015-03-26/HCWS490/ (05.04.2015) 37. Ibid. 38. Bogdanor V. The Monarchy and the Constitution. Oxford, 1995. P. 64-65. |